1
10
8
-
Article/Essay
Text
Any textual data included in the document.
<p>Military authorities…saw the corruption that must necessarily ensue among the soldiery if [homosexuality] were not summarily suppressed…Homosexuality must be confronted as a fact, and not as a theory. In recruiting the elements which make up our invincible army, we cannot ignore what is obvious and which will militate against the combative prowess of our forces in this war and the deterrent post-bellum influences. From a military viewpoint, the homosexuals is not only dangerous, but ineffective as a fighter… It is imperative that homosexualists be recognized by the military authorities.</p>
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
A Psychiatrist Warns Against Allowing LGBTQ+ People to Serve
Subject
The topic of the resource
Civil Rights and Citizenship
Gender and Sexuality
Description
An account of the resource
In 1917, the U.S. military implemented the Articles of War, which detailed the rules and regulations of the military. Article 93 associated homosexuality with serious crimes such as manslaughter and burglary. The military’s decision to bar LGBTQ+ service members was supported by testimony from a growing group of psychologists who viewed LGBTQ+ people as having an impairment or disorder that made them unfit to serve in the military. This document, written by Dr. Albert Abrams, was published in a medical journal in order to argue for the exclusion of LGBTQ+ service members.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Abrams, Albert. “Homosexuality: A Military Menace.†Medical Review of Reviews 24 (1918): 528.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1918
Primary
Is this Primary or Secondary? Enter 1 for Primary or 2 for Secondary.
Primary
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Modern America (1914-1929)
LGBTQ+
World War I
-
https://shec.ashp.cuny.edu/files/original/c3e37846e59e1582115ab48abfa6cb6c.gif
9645cb534e8ce2314d634d3d1ecba462
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Harlem Hellfighters Regimental Band
Subject
The topic of the resource
Immigration and Migration
Description
An account of the resource
The Fifteenth Infantry Regiment (Colored) of the New York National Guard—popularly known as the "Harlem Hellfighters"—was formed in Harlem in 1916 to help the U.S. war effort during World War I. One of its members, James Reese Europe, was charged with the task of forming a regiment band. Europe, a seasoned musician and bandleader, convinced his commanding officer to let him expand the normal size of a regiment band and to make a special recruiting visit to Puerto Rico. By the time the regiment deployed for France in late 1917, nearly one half of the 40-piece band was Puerto Rican. Once in Europe, they wowed British and French audiences unused to the syncopated rhythms in which the band's members specialized.<br /><br />The Hellfighters were also recognized for their bravery on the battlefield, and many of them were awarded the French <em>croix de guerre</em>, or war cross, for distinguished service. When the war ended, the Harlem Hellfighters received a hero’s welcome as the first New York regiment to parade as veterans of the Great War. After the war, one of the band’s members, Rafael Hernández MarÃn, went on to become arguably the most important composer of Puerto Rican popular music in the 20th century.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Unknown
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
U.S. War Department, "[African American] Jazz Band and Leader Back with [African American] 15th New York," Underwood & Underwood, 1919, American Unofficial Collection of World War I Photographs, 1917-1918, Record Group 165, National Archives, https://research.archives.gov/id/533506.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Modern America (1914-1929)
African-American Soldiers
Puerto Rican Migration
World War I
-
Article/Essay
Text
Any textual data included in the document.
<p><strong>Government Work for 10,000 Already Arranged and First Arrivals Will Land Within Month</strong></p>
<p><strong>75,000 Islanders Now Available</strong></p>
<p>As one of its means of augmenting the common-labor supply, the Department of Labor, through the United States Employment Service, will shortly begin bringing Porto Rican laborers to the continental United States. Within a month the first arrivals will be engaged in construction work on Government contracts, and the Employment Service already has arranged for the employment of more than 10,000 islanders on war work at Norfolk, Newport News, and Baltimore and vicinity. Approximately 75,000 Porto Rican laborers already are available for work in the mainland.</p>
<p>The Porto Rican laborers will receive 35 cents an hour, with time and a half for overtime work. They will be fed by the Government commissary, each man paying 25 cents a meal. Housing will be furnished to these men without cost, and a representative of the Department of Labor now is in the cities in which they will be employed arranging housing accommodations in advance of their arrival.</p>
<p><strong>Army Transports Used</strong></p>
<p>The transfer of this labor, which brings American common labor into the continent, has been held up for some months through lack of shipping accommodations. The War Department, however, has just agreed to bring over the islanders on the home trips of transports carrying supplies to the mobilization base at San Juan. The possibilities of Porto Rico as a source of common-labor supply were investigated last October by the department through F.C. Roberts, a special representative, who went to the island.</p>
<p>His estimate of 75,000 available men was subsequently confirmed by Santiago Iglesias, member of the Porto Rico Senate and President of the Free Federation of Labor for Porto Rico, which is affiliated with the American Federation of Labor.</p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
"To Increase Common Labor Supply with Porto Ricans"
Description
An account of the resource
With the passage of the Jones-Shafroth Act in 1917, Puerto Ricans became citizens of the United States. At the same time, penetration of the island by American-backed sugar interests displaced thousands of rural inhabitants, pushing them into a wage economy that could not support them. With the curtailment of immigration from Europe and World War I-related troop deployments squeezing the labor supply in the U.S., the government turned to Puerto Rico for a fix. This bulletin, produced by the U.S. Employment Service, explains the recruitment of the new migrants.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
U.S. Employment Service
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
"To Increase Common Labor Supply with Porto Ricans,"<em>Â U.S. Employment Service Bulletin</em>, May 21, 1918.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1918
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Modern America (1914-1929)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Immigration and Migration
Work
Puerto Rican Migration
World War I
-
https://shec.ashp.cuny.edu/files/original/americansall_c203342063.jpg
1e2f9df91b85aebf6c809d0f3dde2531
Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Bit Depth
8
Channels
3
Height
1233
IPTC Array
a:1:{s:6:"byline";s:19:"Library of Congress";}
IPTC String
byline:Library of Congress
Width
815
Poster/Print
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Americans All! Victory Liberty Loan
Language
A language of the resource
English
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
American Social History Project / Center for Media and Learning
Description
An account of the resource
During World War I, the U.S. government needed to raise money to pay for the soldiers, tanks, airplanes, and other equipment it needed to fight the war. To do this, it sold war bonds, which citizens could buy and then be paid back after the war. This poster tried to convince Americans that it was their patriotic duty to buy war bonds by listing names from many different nationalities on the Honor Roll, reflecting the fact that soldiers from all different immigrant groups had fought and died in the war.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Howard Chandler Christy
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Howard Chandler Christy, Americans All! Victory Liberty Loan, circa 1919, (Boston: Forbes); Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress, http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/97520325/.
Primary
Is this Primary or Secondary? Enter 1 for Primary or 2 for Secondary.
1
Relation
A related resource
1862
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1919 (Circa)
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Modern America (1914-1929)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Immigration and Migration
World War I
-
https://shec.ashp.cuny.edu/files/original/truesonsfreedom_f6a0d8a213.png
8532dc1d4a82d2f3d206089c15e1c984
Omeka Image File
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Width
1131
Height
1400
Bit Depth
8
Poster/Print
URL
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/odyssey/archive/07/0701001r.jpg
Dublin Core
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Type
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Poster/Print
Title
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"True Sons of Freedom"
Language
A language of the resource
English
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
American Social History Project / Center for Media and Learning
Description
An account of the resource
"True Sons of Freedom," by Charles Gustrine, is a poster depicting African-American soldiers fighting against the German army. Three hundred and fifty thousand African Americans participated in the segregated U.S. army during WWI, but they were often limited to being support troops. Many units found combat fighting alongside the French, and some African-American soldiers returned home decorated with French honors and medals for their impact on the war. Many African Americans believed that their participation in WWI was proof that African Americans had earned the rights that were being denied to them at home.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Charles Gustrine
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Charles Gustrine, "True Sons of Freedom," color-offset poster (Chicago, 1918) from Library of Congress, <em>African American Odyssey: World War I and Postwar Society (Part One)</em> http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3g02426.
Primary
Is this Primary or Secondary? Enter 1 for Primary or 2 for Secondary.
1
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1918
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Modern America (1914-1929)
Abraham Lincoln
African-American Soldiers
World War I
-
https://shec.ashp.cuny.edu/files/original/ballot_13d2c1494a.png
8986c9b93f9c5eca6fe759f4c57dddc7
Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Bit Depth
8
Height
499
Width
300
Pamphlet/Petition
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1919
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Pamphlet
Title
A name given to the resource
A Steelworkers' Ballot Calls "Strike!" in Many Tongues
Language
A language of the resource
English
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
American Social History Project / Center for Media and Learning
Description
An account of the resource
In the years after World War I, American workers sought to consolidate and expand the gains they had achieved during the war years. In September 1919, some 350,000 steelworkers went on strike, seeking higher wages, shorter hours and better working conditions. Steel companies, often with assistance of local governments, responded with violent tactics, eventually employing African Americans and Mexican Americans as strikebreakers. The strike eventually went down to defeat, with steel companies playing both on the racism of the workers and the public's aversion to the fact that many of the strikers were immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe. This ballot, printed in English, Croatian, Hungarian, Italian, Slovak, and Polish and distributed by the National Committee for Organizing Iron and Steel Workers, reflects the broad range of nationalities comprising the industry's workforce.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
National Committee for Organizing Iron and Steel Workers
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
William Z. Foster, <em>The Great Steel Strike and Its Lessons</em> (1920) American Social History Project.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Modern America (1914-1929)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Labor Activism
American Federation of Labor
Italian Immigration
World War I
-
https://shec.ashp.cuny.edu/files/original/billy-murray---over-there_8dbffbd886.mp3
10621c2f0e3585a0affd553f14e96ed3
Music/Song
Duration
Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.)
3:34
Transcription
Any written text transcribed from a sound.
Johnnie, get your gun,<br />Get your gun, get your gun,<br />Take it on the run,<br />On the run, on the run.<br />Hear them calling, you and me,<br />Every son of liberty.<br />Hurry right away,<br />No delay, go today,<br />Make your daddy glad<br />To have had such a lad.<br />Tell your sweetheart not to pine,<br />To be proud her boy's in line.<br />(chorus sung twice)<br /><br />Johnnie, get your gun,<br />Get your gun, get your gun,<br />Johnnie show the Hun<br />Who's a son of a gun.<br />Hoist the flag and let her fly,<br />Yankee Doodle do or die.<br />Pack your little kit,<br />Show your grit, do your bit.<br />Yankee to the ranks,<br />From the towns and the tanks.<br />Make your mother proud of you,<br />And the old Red, White and Blue.<br />(chorus sung twice)<br /><br />Chorus<br />Over there, over there,<br />Send the word, send the word over there -<br />That the Yanks are coming,<br />The Yanks are coming,<br />The drums rum-tumming<br />Ev'rywhere.<br />So prepare, say a pray'r,<br />Send the word, send the word to beware.<br />We'll be over, we're coming over,<br />And we won't come back till it's over<br />Over there.
Performer
Billy Murray
Lyricist
George M. Cohan
Composer
George M. Cohan
Dublin Core
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Type
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Music/Song
Title
A name given to the resource
"Over There"
Language
A language of the resource
English
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
American Social History Project / Center for Media and Learning
Description
An account of the resource
Reproduced below are the lyrics to America's best-known World War I song, "Over There." Written by George M. Cohan, the song was widely performed by various artists (initially by Charles King) from its publication in 1917. Cohan later recalled that the words and music to the song came to him while traveling by train from New Rochelle to New York shortly after the U.S. had declared war against Germany in April 1917. Just as "It's a Long Way to Tipperary" was a smash-hit success during the early days of the war in Europe, so "Over There" proved a nationwide hit in the months immediately following America's enthusiastic entry into the war. Cohan himself was formally recognized by Congress with the award of the U.S. Congressional Medal of Honor - albeit in 1940.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
George M. Cohan
Source
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George M. Cohan, "Over There," recording, 1917, http://www.firstworldwar.com/audio/overthere.htm
Primary
Is this Primary or Secondary? Enter 1 for Primary or 2 for Secondary.
1
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1917
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Modern America (1914-1929)
World War I
-
Music/Song
Lyricist
Alfred Bryan
Composer
Al Piantadosi
Dublin Core
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Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Music/Song
Title
A name given to the resource
"I Didn't Raise My Boy to Be a Soldier"
Language
A language of the resource
English
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
American Social History Project / Center for Media and Learning
Description
An account of the resource
By 1915, Americans began debating the need for military and economic preparations for war. Strong opposition to “preparedness†came from isolationists, socialists, pacifists, many Protestant ministers, German Americans, and Irish Americans (who were hostile to Britain). One of the hit songs of 1915, “I Didn’t Raise My Boy to Be a Soldier,†by lyricist Alfred Bryan and composer Al Piantadosi, captured widespread American skepticism about joining in the European war. Meanwhile, interventionists and militarists like former president Theodore Roosevelt beat the drums for preparedness. Roosevelt’s retort to the popularity of the antiwar song was that it should be accompanied by the tune “I Didn’t Raise My Girl to Be a Mother.†He suggested that the place for women who opposed war was “in China—or by preference in a harem—and not in the United States.â€
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alfred Bryan and Al Piantadosi, "I Didn't Raise My Boy to Be a Soldier," lyrics and song, (Washington, DC: The Library of Congress, Edison Collection), 1915, available from <em>History Matters</em>, http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/4942
Primary
Is this Primary or Secondary? Enter 1 for Primary or 2 for Secondary.
1
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1915
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Modern America (1914-1929)
World War I