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A Black Family Leaves Their Home After the 1919 Chicago Race Riot
In July 1919, Chicago suffered a terrible race riot. An African-American teenager swimming in Lake Michigan floated into a "white" area and drowned after being stoned by a white crowd. Violence spread rapidly. Black Chicagoans, including World War [...]
“A colored family in a one room light housekeeping apartment”
One of the first challenges for southern migrants who arrived in Northern cities like Chicago was finding a place to live. One report tells of a single day when 600 families applied to live in 53 housing units. Given the demand, unscrupulous [...]
Alice Paul Hangs the Ratification Banner at Suffrage Headquarters
After Congress approved the 19th Amendment in June 1919, the amendment had to be ratified by three fourths of the states. Fortunately, suffragists were well organized at the local level to pressure state legislatures into approving the amendment. To [...]
The National Women's Party Pickets the White House
In 1916, a new militant suffrage group, the National Women’s Party (NWP), was formed. Led by Alice Paul, the NWP began picketing the White House. NWP members criticized President Woodrow Wilson for going to war “to make the world safe for [...]
Suffragists Demonstrate Against Woodrow Wilson
On October 20, 1916, the National Women's Party (NWP) organized a suffrage demonstration outside of an auditorium in Chicago where President Woodrow Wilson was giving a campaign speech. Wilson, a Democrat, was running for his second term as [...]
Woman with a Flask
A woman is seen discretely drinking from a flask in this photograph taken during Prohibition. It was illegal to drink alcohol after the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment, but some found creative ways to hide and consume their drinks.
"As it was in the old days"
Edward Curtis was a professional photographer of the American West. In 1906, the wealthy banker and art collector J.P. Morgan hired Curtis to produce a multi-volume series on Native Americans that would include essays, sound recordings, and 1500 [...]
Harlem Hellfighters Regimental Band
The Fifteenth Infantry Regiment (Colored) of the New York National Guard—popularly known as the "Harlem Hellfighters"—was formed in Harlem in 1916 to help the U.S. war effort during World War I. One of its members, James Reese Europe, was [...]
Mexican Refugees Flee to Texas
In January 1914, the town of Ojinaga in northern Mexico was the site of a battle between the forces of Pancho Villa and those loyal to Mexican president Victoriano Huerta. This photo depicts refugees from the fighting making the sixty-mile journey [...]