Harriet Hanson Robinson began work in Lowell at the age of ten, later becoming an author and advocate of women's suffrage. In 1834 and 1836, the mill owners reduced wages, increased the pace of work, and raised the rent for the boardinghouses. The…

The Lowell textile factories, and the boarding houses where they required their female workers to live, had strict rules. The women accepted these rules and even helped enforce them.

Lucy Larcom worked in the mills at Lowell as a young woman. In her memoir, written more than forty years later, she remembered how she and other young female mill workers felt about their jobs.

The following excerpts are taken from the script for Daughters of Free Men, which was written by the American Social History Project.

French- and Spanish-speaking miners posted this notice around Sonora County, California in May, 1850. The month before, the California legislature had passed a Foreign Miners’ Tax that required immigrant miners to pay $20 every month for the…

Within months of statehood, the California legislature passed the Foreign Miner’s Tax, which required immigrant miners to pay $20 a month for the privilege of mining in the state. The unbearably high tax drove many Latin American miners back to…

This worksheet helps students analyze two maps of women's suffrage before 1920, and to evaluate the successes and limitations of the women's suffrage movement prior to the passage of the 19th amendment.

This worksheet helps students analyze key passages of an 1875 Supreme Court decision about women's suffrage.

This worksheet helps students analyze a pro-suffrage political cartoon.

This worksheet helps students analyze a photograph of a 1913 suffrage parade in New York City.